Mexico is bounded on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico.
On September 16, 1810, independence from Spain was declared by Priest Miguel Hidalgo. A long war ensued that eventually led to recognized independence in 1821. Texas declared independence from Mexico in 1836. The annexation of Texas by the United States created a border dispute that would cause the Mexican-American War. Mexico was defeated and as a result of the Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo (1848), Mexico lost one third of its surface area to the United States.
National Flag and Bandera Nacional
